Women in the Middle Ages
"The soul of a woman and the soul of a nut are almost the same, that is not worth much." (Arnaud Laufre).
"Every woman rejoices to think of sin and live it." (Springs Bernard).
"Who beats a woman with a pillow, thinking cripple it and not do anything to him" (Proverbs of the time).
For these thoughts of the time now to get an idea of the view that man had the woman. But here's the thing, we can not conclude as was the woman's life only by the male gaze. For this may be distorted, it is just afigment of your imagination. It is necessary that an assessment is made also of the female vision. Here we show that assessment of vision of both sexes. To try to complete what life was like for women in the Middle Ages .
The woman in the Family
The daughters were totally excluded from the succession, when constrict marriage received a dowry, consisting of assets that would be administered by the husband. The line benefited only male components, and the inheritance was only passed to the eldest son, that in order to avoid the division of family assets. When the woman got married spent part of her husband's family. In this new family, when a widow had no right to inheritance.
Marriage was an agreement between two families, their goal was simply procreation.The woman was both given and received, as being passive. Its main virtue, in and out of wedlock should be obedience, submission.Daughter, sister, wife, served as a reference only to the man who was serving.
The female inferiority came the fragility of sex, its weakness against the dangers of meat. In the center of Christian morality existed a watery distrust of pleasure. He, according to the moralists, held prisoner spirit of the body, preventing it to rise towards God.
In the practice of sex, always with the sole purpose of procreation, the woman should not show sense of pleasure, the position should be the man on the woman. This mandatory position of the sex practice indicated the situation of submission that it was expected.
Surely, in the design of the religious,the husband who loved his wife too was seen as an adulterer. You should not use it like a prostitute. The woman could not treat her husband as if he were her lover. By marriage through the body of the woman going to belong to her husband. But her soul should always remain in the possession of God.
At the time, sought to justify the scorn of men by women in every way. For the thinkers of the time, the Latin word designating the male, Vir, Virtus reminded them, that is, strength, straightness. While Mulier, the term designating the women remembered Mollitia related to weakness, flexibility, simulation.
Men, fathers or husbands had the right to punish them as a child, a home, a slave. This disdain reveals both suspicion and fear. Men feared adultery by the wife. They feared that offered them certain magic filters that would lead to impotence. Sterility, this, that frightened men.
Professional activities
At the time, the woman was seen as a being that was made to obey. It was good that a woman could read and write, unless he enter religious life. A girl should, instead, learn spinning and embroidery. If you were poor, you would need to work to survive. If I was rich, yet should know the work to administer and supervise the service of his household and dependents.
However, we should not think of the woman as a compact and oppressed group of men.Social differences have always been as strong as sex differences. Often oppression was exercised by powerful women on their dependents.
The peasant should, when married, follow their husbands in all activities performed in the stately area where he worked. When working widow with children or alone. Already the aristocrats was up to the task of being a housewife, function difficult at the time because the domestic economy was quite complicated, requiring much skill and sense of organization lady. Food supplies and investments of the vast family was responsible. I had to manage the work of the household, keep pace with the manufacture of fabrics, control and monitor the food supply.
Marginalization of Women's Issues
It is difficult to support the hypothesis of a widespread marginalization of women in theMiddle Ages . Marriage, making it responsible for the biological reproduction of the family, assured her prominent role in the stability of the social order. Legally depersonalized, has been reduced to family and domestic environment.
In some cases it was not only the marginalization of women. The heresy, for example, had followers of both sexes.
Heretical movements represented danger to the official doctrine of the Church at various times since Christianity's affirmation as dominant religion in the West. Heresies, doctrines contrary to what was established by the Church, led by independence in the interpretation of sacred texts, the confrontation with the established dogmas, and other times of old pagan traditions unassimilated by Christianity and therefore refuted.
In heresy, unlike the Church's standards, there was room for preaching to women. In one of the heretical doctrines, women could become "perfect", a higher grade in this doctrine.Apparently, this "perfect" woman could provide the same spiritual services that a man, having the same rights and the same support they enjoyed.
Another issue that led to marginality female was prostitution. It seems surprising that an opposite activity to strict moral standards of the time have been so widely developed, becoming even public among people who established the phyto standards. Prostitution, in fact, has always been ambiguous, considered a "necessary evil". At última instância, the prostituição, imoral, colaborava for the sanidade of sociedade.
Prostitution solve the problem of young people. A spread of prostitution in urban areas decreases the characteristic turbulence that group. The use of "night mansions" decreased the possibility of rapes, riots and widespread violence committed by youth associations.also solve the problem of male homosexuality.Prostitution also served to remedy the weaknesses of the clergy before the pleasures of the flesh.
Thus, pernicious in the eyes of moralists, ensuring the public morality, prostitution, more than tolerated, was stimulated. But the "marker of pleasure" were never well seen. On the contrary, it was necessary to push them from "good people."
Conclusion
At the end of this study it is concluded that:
The woman was seen as submissive as was feared. It was thought that the woman was sin, weak flesh.
Marriage was never intended to unite people who love each other, or in order to give pleasure to any party, but the purpose of procreation.
A woman when she is married simply changed man which had to undergo (from father to husband now).
Prostitution was considered a "necessary evil" because healed wills of young people and clergy, yet the prostitutes were marginalized of society.
The different doctrines of the Catholic religion preached that women would have the same rights as men, so were hotly pursued by the Church.
The woman was up household responsibilities, except for peasants and lower classes, who should accompany her husband in feudal work.
Bibliography
MACEDO, José Reaver. The woman in the middle ages. Sao Paulo. Publisher Context.nineteen ninety.
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Category: General history
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