4 The Mandatory For Not Fasting

Sharia has for main objectives to prevent discomfort, damage and any difficulties to the person who performs the religious obligations, in accordance with the corroborating evidence of the Sunnah and the Quran. Allah, exalted is he, says (meaning of the verses):

«Allah wants to ease» (Quran 2/185)

«Allah wants reduce you (the bonds)» Holy Qur'an (4/28)

«It does imposed you hindrance in religion» (Quran 22/78)

The Prophet said: "Allaah loves that it use its waivers as he hates that we disobey him." (Ahmad) He also said: "Allah loves that it use its exemptions and loves that his orders be applied" (Al-Bayhaqi and others).

According to these texts, the ulema have enacted jurisprudential rules that save the person who applies the religious obligations of any gene, damage and any sentence, such as: "Sharia facilitates things in case of too much difficulty", "damage is rejected by the Sharia", "and other rules derived therefrom by the jurisconsults.

The fasting of the month of Ramadan is a duty that must perform any person adult and talented reason.However, some impediments can occur in this person who will then no longer the obligation to fast and will be permitted to break the fast, or will be forced to not fast in some cases. These excuses are called "authorizations to break the fast during the day of the month of Ramadán" or "cases of dispensation from fasting during Ramadan".

First: the disease

The disease is a change that occurs in humans and is out of its normal state. The disease is a case for dispensation from fasting during the month of Ramadan. Allah, exalted is he, says (meaning of the verse): "whoever of you is ill or travelling must fast an equal number of other days" (Quran 2/184).According to the rule that governs this case, it must be a disease which would result in harm or death or cause great suffering which would aggravate the disease or delay its healing. It is this kind of disease which authorizes the breaking of the fast during the month of Ramadan. The person will then make up the days where she was not fast, as soon as the disease will be completed. The disease that causes no harm or no difficulty to the fasting person such as a tooth ache, a pain to a finger or other, does not justify breaking the fast.

Secondly, the age

Seniors (men or women) may break the fast because of an inability to accomplish it. They have no duty to make up for the days when they were not fasting if fasting is just as difficult for them in all seasons of the year and must feed a poor person for each day missed, in accordance with the following verse: ' but for those who could not stand (only with great difficulty), there is compensation: feed one poor person» (Qur'an 2 / 184). Ibn ' Abbaas said: "the verse was not abrogated, it relates to the elderly, men and women, who are unable to fast.They must feed a poor person for each day not jeune"." It is the same for all incurable patient for which it is impossible to fast: he did not fast during the month of Ramadan and feeds each day a pauper.

Thirdly: pregnancy and breastfeeding

The jurists are unanimous on the authorization to break the fast for a woman during pregnancy or breastfeeding, if she fears harm any for herself or her child, in accordance with the Hadith in which the Prophet says:

' Allah has exempted of fasting and prayer half the person travelling and exempted from fasting women during pregnancy and breastfeeding " (Year-Nassa'i and others).

Women in these two cases must make up the days where she did not fast when she is able. It is necessary to note that pregnancy and lactation do not justify in itself the breaking of the fast in Ramadan but only if the woman feared harm to her or her newborn.

Fourth: the journey

The person travelling, provided that it does not travel for permission to break the fast in Ramadan, may benefit from this exemption, in accordance with the verse: "whoever of you is ill or travelling must fast an equal number of other days" (Quran 2/184) and the above Hadith . The trip which justifies breaking the fast is the long journey where four Rak'ah prayer ' aates is reduced by half (two Rak'aates). The person travelling shall then make up for the days where she did not fast and has the option of fast or not during the trip, as Anas, may Allah be pleased with him, said in the two Sahih: "We travelled with the Prophet in Ramadan and he did not criticize those who had broken the young or those who had been fasting". According to Abu ' iid Al-Kapse, may Allah be pleased with him: "fasting that had the force, and this was correct, and one who felt weak was not fasting, and this was also correct".

Category: Fasting