Stalinism
With the death of Lenin in 1924, it triggered a succession struggle in the power of Russia.The protagonists of this dispute were Trotsky and Stalin. Victorious, Stalin implemented one of the most monstrous totalitarian history.
Political Stalinism
There were large differences between Leon Trotsky and Joseph Stalin , general secretary of the Communist Party: the first was in favor of the internationalization of the revolution; the second, on the contrary, intended to consolidate before communism in the USSR, believing that the conditions of international politics did not allow the export of revolution - what mattered was to strengthen it in the Soviet Union.
Because of his opposition to Stalin, Trotsky was expelled from the USSR in 1929. Stalin took power, initiating a dictatorship characterized by a totalitarian political system.The Communist Party controlled every aspect of the state and society, destroying thus civil liberties.
The Party was submitted to the will of the Central Committee, also controlled by Stalin. By the cult of personality and the systematic elimination of his opponents, the dictator became absolute master of the USSR. The identification between the Communist Party and the Soviet state acquired legal status in the Constitution of 1936 that legitimized the personal dictatorship of Stalin, which would last until 1953.
Within the railway Russian policy, if repressed, any glimmer of nationalism and autonomy in the Soviet republics.
The horror
Stalin instituted a regime of terror: in the Party control was obtained by submission of the elites and the murder of opponents. Millions of people were deported with their families to forced labor camps or eliminated, while millions of peasants were exterminated not agree with the collectivization of land. It is estimated that Stalin was responsible for the death of about 12 million people who opposed their power.
The systematic application of these procedures were the purges, which reached its greatest brutality between 1935 and 1939. The political police NKVD (People's Commissariat of Internal Affairs) was the instrument of terror responsible for the repressive practices. The accusation and suspicion were aroused, why have arisen numerous accomplices and informers.
The Stalinist policy
The generosity to the vanquished is dangerous: the enemy never believe that goodness, considering it a political maneuver and, at the first opportunity, launches the attack. Only a naive person would think otherwise. (...). The sufferings potentiate the popular energy, which can be targeted for destruction or creation (...).
0 people should of course be convinced that their ailments were temporary, that served to achieve a higher goal, that the supreme power knew their needs, she cared for him and defended bureaucrats who had occupied the place where they were . That the supreme power was omniscient and omnipotent.
Adapted from ANATOLI RIBA-VOC, Children of the Arbat street.
Economic Stalinism
The planning of the economy by the state was one of the Stalinist period features. Stalin launched the Five-Year Plans, whose objectives were:
- industrialize the Soviet Union quickly;
- establish a socialist economy.
The private ownership of land was prohibited, and performed the forced collectivization of agriculture, which is held on two forms of property: the collective farm or state farm, and the kolkhoz, collective farm controlled by the state.
The result was a rapid industrialization, while agriculture has suffered considerable delay by its subordination to industry. At the cost of many hundreds of thousands of lives, the rapid industrialization put the USSR between the major powers.
Category: General history
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