General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT)
After the 2nd World War, begins a new era.Ended hostilities with the devastated Germany, Europe's political and economic structure in open crisis and Japan battered by war and the atomic attacks, the US emerged as the dominant power on the world stage, hegemonic position challenged only by the USSR, the only country really out the north American sphere.
In the immediate postwar period, it began to be clear that the colonial system was coming to an end with serious repercussions for the positions of the former. great powers.
The World War disrupted the existing international macrostructure until 1939 causing the problem of political reorganization of the United community assumed a lot of importance to the new governments of developed countries, mainly the US that wanted to lead it. Thus the need to create mechanism for peace and security maintenance were made urgent.
The struggle to influence the new political and economic systems of the countries of the third world, especially the newly independent nations, was rivalry between the superpowers reason. From this stage, the third world ceases to have a lower importance in the international arena.
It is in this situation that arises the UN (1945), replacing the League of Nations.
One of the fundamental requirements of the Cold War was the economic reorganization of the Western world, which had been shaken by years of conflict with the Nazi-fascism. Under US leadership, the industrialized countries of the capitalist structure sought to define the new rules of the economic game.
It was established the GATT (General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade) which richer countries have promoted increased trade between them, with the objective of enhancing economic relations between them.
But the GATT was not fair. Developing countries had little voice in its creation and few benefits as well. The operation of the mechanisms created caused the imbalance of economic growth, creating dissatisfaction.
Foreseen in the Declaration of Marrakesh, the WTO (World Trade Organization) which entered into force on January 1, 95 was created.
In the period of GATT-WTO transition, the director was the same, Peter Sutherland.
The GATT does not disappear, its members now belong to two. Some countries that were not in the GATT, have joined the WTO.
The 28 agreements concluded by the GATT served as a source of law acquis to the WTO.This is the improvement of that, and it is she who has the voice.
Its headquarters are in Geneva and its director is Ruggiero Ruggieri.
It guarantees large increase in the guarantees of access of national markets through tariff bindings of industrialized products. And your goal is to eliminate 100% of non-tariff restrictions on agricultural products.
Category: General history
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